The Digest of Education Statistics (2004) provides a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of education from pre-kindergarten through graduate school.

Topics in the Digest include: the number of schools and colleges; teachers; enrollments; graduates; educational attainment; finances; federal funds for education; employment and income of graduates; libraries; technology; and international comparisons.

In the fall of 2004, about 71.7 million persons were enrolled in American schools and colleges (table 1). About 4.3 million persons were employed as elementary and secondary school teachers and as college faculty.

Other professional, administrative, and support staff at educational institutions numbered 5.0 million. Thus, about 81.0 million people were involved, directly or indirectly, in providing or receiving formal education. All data for 2004 in this Introduction are projected. Some data for other years are projected or estimated as noted.

You can find the statistics, here